If you're lucky enough to find a command execution vulnerability during a penetration test, pretty soon afterwards you'll probably want an interactive shell. If it's not possible to add a new account / SSH key / .rhosts file and just log in, your next step is likely to be either throwing back a reverse shell or binding a shell to a TCP port. This page deals with the former. Your options for creating a reverse shell are limited by the scripting languages installed on the target system – though you could probably upload a binary program too if you're suitably well prepared. The examples shown are tailored to Unix-like systems. Some of the examples below should also work on Windows if you use substitute "/bin/sh -i" with "cmd.exe". Each of the methods below is aimed to be a one-liner that you can copy/paste. As such they're quite short lines, but not very readable.
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A specification/framework for extending default C2 communication channels in Cobalt Strike
A managed code hooking template for .NET assemblies, enabling API hooking, code injection, and runtime manipulation.
Full-featured C2 framework for stealthy communication and control on web servers.
A payload creation framework designed to bypass Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) systems.
A penetration testing tool for intercepting SSH connections and logging plaintext passwords.
A COM Command & Control framework using JScript for stealthy and flexible command and control capabilities on Windows systems.
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