IDpendant Middleware is a software layer that enables secure communication between applications and physical access devices such as smartcards and USB tokens. It acts as the intermediary component in an IT security infrastructure, bridging security systems with the physical devices that store passwords and certificates. The middleware supports multiple authentication scenarios, including single-factor, two-factor (2FA), and three-factor authentication (3FA). Two-factor authentication combines possession of a smartcard or USB token with knowledge of a PIN. Three-factor authentication adds biometric data as an additional layer. Supported use cases include: - Single Sign-On (SSO) - Full disk encryption and BitLocker add-on integration - Secure Remote Access - Secure Email - Digital signatures The middleware is compatible with major operating systems including Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux, and supports a wide range of standard interfaces. It is described as immediately deployable and user-friendly. IDpendant offers middleware products from several third-party manufacturers: A.E.T. Europe, Atos, Thales, and SafeNet.